Fortaleza – Ceará – Brazil

Federal Republic of Brazil

Brazil

 
                                       

(Flag)                                              (Coat of arms of the Weapon)

Slogan: Order and Progress

National Hymn: Brazilian National Hymn 

Naturality: Brazilian

 

 

Capital

 

Brasília 15°45′S 47°57′O

 

Larger city

 

São Paulo

 

Official language

 

Portuguese

 

Government

 

Federal Republic

 

- President

 

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

 

- Number of Ministries

 

38

 

Independence

 

From Portugal 

 

- Declared

 

September 7 1822 

 

- Recognized

 

August 29 1825 

 

- Republic

 

November15 1889 

 

 Área

 

 

 

- Total

 

8.514.876,599 km² (5º)

 

- Water (%)

 

0,65

 

Population

 

 

 

- 2007's Estimative

 

188.181.069 hab. (5º)

 

 - Census 2000

 

169.799.170

 

 - Density

 

22 hab./km² (182º)

 

PIB (based PPC)

 

2006's Estimative

 

 - Total

 

$1.803 trillion USD (8º)

 

 - Per capita

 

$9.108 USD (68º)

 

IDH (2006)

 

0,792 (69º) – medium

 

 - Expect. of life

 

72,19 years (78º)

 

 - Infatile Mort.

 

25,8/thousands births  (98º)

 

 - Illiteracy

 

11,60% (87º)

 

Currency

 

Real (BRL)

 

Time Zone

 

(UTC−5 until −2, oficial: −3, actual timel: 11:47 a 14:47[1])

 

 - Verão (DST)

 

(UTC-5 until UTC -2)

 

Climate

 

Tropical, Equatorial, Subtropical e Semi-Arid

 

International Orgs.

 

ONU (OMC), Mercosul, OEA, CPLP, ALADI, OTCA, CSN, CI-A, UL

 

ISO Code

 

BRA

 

Internet Code

 

.br

 

Tel. Code

 

+55

 

Government website

 

http://www.brasil.gov.br
 

 
Brazil or officially Federal Republic of Brazil is a nation in South America that has the fifth largest area in the world - 8.514.876,599 km² and the fifth largest population in the world - 188.181.069 of inhabitants. The country makes border with the following countries: Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam and with the department foreign French of French Guiana; to south with Uruguay; to Southwest with Argentina and Paraguay; to west with Bolivia and Peru and, finally to northwest with Colombia. Chile and Ecuador don't have border with Brazil. The country is washed by Atlantic Ocean along the coast east.

Besides the continental territory, Brazil also possesses some small groups of islands in Atlantic Ocean: Rocks of São Pedro and São Paulo, Fernando de Noronha (special administrative area of the state of Pernambuco) and Trinity and Martim Vaz in Espírito Santo. There is also a compound of small islands and corals called Atoll of the Countries. 
Administratively, Brazil is divided in 26 states and a Federal district (designated by this name). This is subdivide in 5 564 autonomous municipal districts and their governors are chosen by universal suffrage.

Brazil obtained its independence on September 7, 1822 and became an Empire led by D. PEDRO I, that was followed by D. Pedro II. In 1889 it is proclaimed the Republic, maintained until today. 

In spite of being the fifth populous country in the world, Brazil introduces one of the lowest population densities. Most of people are settled along the coast, presenting demographic emptiness in the country. The weather of the country is, predominantly tropical, except for the South, which presents subtropical climate, with defined stations. The Brazilian territory is covered broadly by forests and agriculture areas and livestock, although most of the Brazilians live in great metropolises. 

Colonized by Portugal, Brazil is the only Portuguese speaker country in America. The dominant religion is the Catholicism, being the country with the larger number of Catholics in the world. The Brazilian society is one of the most multiracial of the world. About 45% of the population has some African origin and a considerable portion has indigenous origin. Most of Brazilians come from Portuguese families. In many areas of the Center-south of the country the immigrants' descendants form most of the population. Brazil counts with the largest population of Italian origin out of Italy and the largest Japanese population out of Japan, besides a significant German migration.

States
Brazil is divided administrative and politically in 27 Federal units, being 26 states and a Federal district. 

  • Index of Gini of the units of the federation

As unidades federativas do Brasil.

 

UF

Acronym

Capital

Area

1

Acre

AC

Rio Branco

Norte

2

Alagoas

AL

Maceió

Nordeste

3

Amapá

AP

Macapá

Norte

4

Amazonas

AM

Manaus

Norte

5

Bahia

BA

Salvador

Nordeste

6

Ceará

CE

Fortaleza

Nordeste

7

Espírito Santo

ES

Vitória

Sudeste

8

Goiás

GO

Goiânia

Centro-Oeste

9

Maranhão

MA

São Luís

Nordeste

10

Mato Grosso

MT

Cuiabá

Centro-Oeste

11

Mato Grosso do Sul

MS

Campo Grande

Centro-Oeste

12

Minas Gerais

MG

Belo Horizonte

Sudeste

13

Pará

PA

Belém

Norte

14

Paraíba

PB

João Pessoa

Nordeste

15

Paraná

PR

Curitiba

Sul

16

Pernambuco

PE

Recife

Nordeste

17

Piauí

PI

Teresina

Nordeste

18

Rio de Janeiro

RJ

Rio de Janeiro

Sudeste

19

Rio Grande do Norte

RN

Natal

Nordeste

20

Rio Grande do Sul

RS

Porto Alegre

Sul

21

Rondônia

RO

Porto Velho

Norte

22

Roraima

RR

Boa Vista

Norte

23

Santa Catarina

SC

Florianópolis

Sul

24

São Paulo

SP

São Paulo

Sudeste

25

Sergipe

SE

Aracaju

Nordeste

26

Tocantins

TO

Palmas

Norte

27

Distrito Federal

DF

Brasília

Centro-Oeste

 
 

Areas

 

1 - the West – Center Area 
2 - the Northeast Area 
3 - the North Area 
4 - the Southeast Area 
5 - the South Area

The Areas of Brazil are five groups of units (States or Districts) of the Federation, gathered in agreement with the territorial and characteristic proximity geographical, as landscapes and similar sort of soils. The purpose of the division of the country in Areas is statistical and economical. There isn't any type of political autonomy of the areas. 
That division has legal character and it was proposed by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 1969. IBGE took into account just natural aspects in the division of the country, as climate, relief, vegetation and hydrographic conditions; for that reason, the Areas are also known as Natural "Areas of Brazil". There is a small exception regarding the Southeast Area, that it was created being taken partially into account human aspects (industrial development and urban). 

Most populous cities
With about 190 million inhabitants and urbanization tax about 80%, it is natural that the 100 larger Brazilian cities count with more than 250 thousand inhabitants in 2007. They are these in its majority state capitals and cities of the interior of the Southeast Area.

 
CEARÁ TRADE BRASIL - Linking Ceará to the world.